Based on the study of archival materials, the article considers an impact of the emerging system of «industrialism» on the economic well-being of the largest landowners of the Russian Empire in 1890–1914. As the analysis of the origin, composition and volume of the so-called «paper» funds in the capital means of some of the Russian aristocracy richest families shows, that period was a time of active conversion of some of their land holdings into the stocks, bonds and other securities of various state and commercial banks, as well as of joint-stock companies. That economic strategy, characteristic of most of the largest landowners, was explained by quite pragmatic reasons: favorable market conditions in the sphere of securities turnover, the availability of spare cash through the sale of part of land, significant revenues from the agricultural estates and mortgage lending. The conversion of part of the capital into the stocks and bonds provided the aristocracy with an opportunity to receive a more guaranteed income without serious risks associated with farming or industrial entrepreneurship. As a result, on the eve of 1914, various securities (the stocks and bonds of state and commercial banks, of industrial societies and railway companies) as part of the capital means of the largest landowners of the Russian Empire reached 20–30% of the total value of their fortune, as well as the dividends received from them as part of the total income. It seems that the strengthening of the economic position of the aristocracy by that time was explained not only by the progress in the organization of agricultural production in the estates, the growth of income from forestry and the urban real estate, but also by the emergence of the new form of wealth as bank accounts and interest-bearing securities.

E.B. Voinovsky-Krieger, a railroad engineer, held important positions in the state machine during the First World War, became the last Minister of Railroads in Tsarist Russia. Participating in the work of the government, meeting with the emperor, government ministers, deputies of the Russian parliament, he witnessed the crisis of the Russian statehood, the decline in the level of state administration, and the decrease in the quality of the work of the state bureaucracy. In his memoirs, written in 1925 in exile, he described in detail the state and society, bureaucracy, the root causes of the political crisis that led to the fall of the monarchy. The major part in the memoirs is the characteristics of the last Russian Emperor, Nicholas II, and his inner circle. The author draws attention to the moral state of the society, the role of the Russian intelligentsia in the life of the country, the issues of education, and the influence of the socialist ideas , brought from the West upon the minds of young people. E.B. Voinovsky-Krieger highly appreciated the state activity of P.A. Stolypin regretting that in the days of the severe trials of the First World War, there were no statesmen of such a level at the head of the country. In his opinion, the liberal Provisional Government, formed after the fall of the monarchy, was also not up to par. Instead of restoring law and order, the actions of the Provisional Government only exacerbated anarchy in the country and contributed to the establishment of a left-wing radical Soviet political system in Russia.

The article presents an overview of the archival fund documents in one of the largest and successfully developing enterprises of the Russian radio equipment industry, the Omsk A.S. Popov Radio Factory, stored in the Historical Archives of the Omsk region (GIAOO). The documents contain the information about the history of the factory and its participation in the socio-economic development of the region. They reflect the features of the state policy, the management system, and the labor relations in the second half of the twentieth century. These materials can be used by researchers in the fields of economic and social history, regional studies, local history, practical genealogy.
The management of the enterprise, which had become a non-state one enterprise, initiated its removal from the list of organizations – the sources of the GIAOO acquisition, and the replenishment of the archival fund stopped. The main purpose of the article is that by following the experience of the relationship between GIAO and the A.S. Popov Omsk Radio Plant to substantiate the insufficient efficiency of the interaction mechanisms between archival institutions and non-state organizations in the formation and preservation of the Archival Fund of the Russian Federation, as the main source of valuable reliable information on regional and national history.
Empirical and problematic research methods were used for preparing the article. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to improve the current legislation in terms of regulating the relationship of the subjects in the field of archiving – the subjects representing public and private interests.

The article analyzes the current situation concerning the storage and management of electronic documents and the creation of the associated cloud services. The paper gives a definition of the cloud storage. It considers the legislative framework formed in the European Union regarding the use of cloud computing for digital records management and storage of digital documents; the article also names the main legal acts, standards and other normative documents adopted in Europe in recent years. It is noted that at present there is no common policy among the European countries on these issues, the decisions they make are often fragmentary. In some countries, the cloud storage legislation has not been developed yet, and consumer protection in the cloud computing market is implemented through data protection and digital rights legislation. Risks associated with the creation and storage of digital documents in cloud systems and the required level of control over the creation, organization, maintenance and access to documents stored in the cloud are described and analyzed in detail. Potential risks should be assessed both on the basis of the content or subject matter of information and documentation, and the level of their confidentiality and significance for the organization’s activities. The rights and obligations of the cloud service providers are discussed. Attention is focused on the still unresolved issues of proof of the authenticity, reliability, security, confidentiality of the documents stored in the cloud.

The article presents the role of the institutional problematics in the structure of archival education in accordance with the Central and East European tradition, as well as in accordance with the series of analysis and strategic approaches prepared by the International Council of Archives, the Group of European Archivists, and the Society of American Archivists. There is a sustainable and, in its nature, conservative methodological concept, that is also vital within the present technological environment. Its core is the classical archival principle of the provenance and an idea of integrity of documental complexes.
The author makes a short review of the role of the institutional problematics history in the Bulgarian archival education starting with several elements at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries and ending with the contemporary specialty “Archive and Document Management” at the Sofia University. Nowadays, the selection of the educational content is focused on the understanding the relation between the institutions and their archives, and, on the other hand, on the acquisition of practical skills for exploring and analysing the documents of a structural nature. From a wider perspective, it is also necessary to understand the regime of the functioning and the related access and archive usage regimes and the memories regimes. The students acquire classical information literacy, as well as specific professional thinking and attitude.
An important mission of the institutional problematics is not only to give certain knowledge, but also to form an adequate ethical attitude, as well as the overall identity of good professionalism.

Alexey Petrovich Bogolyubov was born on March 16, 1824, in the Novgorod province. His father, Pyotr Gavrilovich Bogolyubov, was a retired Colonel. His mother, Fekla Alexandrovna, a graduate of the Smolny Institute, was the daughter of the famous Russian prose writer Alexander Radishchev. The family had two sons: Nikolai and Alexey. In 1835, Alexey was transferred from the Alexander’s Tsarskoye Selo Cadet Corps to the Naval Sea Cadet Corps. By the time of Alexey Bogolyubov’s enrolment to the Naval Cadet Sea Corps, Admiral Ivan Kruzenshtern had been the director of the corps for eight years. Due to the tireless reformation activity of the director, the Naval Cadet Sea Corps had an excellent reputation among the educational institutions of the capital. Here they were not only taught excellence in science, but also placed great importance on the upbringing and health of the students. In the Naval Corps, Alexey was distinguished by “...a desperate gaiety and mischievous temper...”. Not very strong, however dexterous, he loved practical jokes, participated in all fights, constantly walked around torn and beaten. In 1841, Bogolyubov graduated from the Corps with the rank of midshipman. The Russian State Archives of the Navy retains the documents pertaining to the Alexey Bogolyubov’s studies in the Naval Corps, the role of the Corps and its teachers in the fate of the future artist.

The article considers the period of the making of A.P. Bogolyubov as a painter. After graduating from the Naval Cadet Corps, A.P. Bogolyubov begins his service in the Navy; simultaneously he gets increasingly interested in drawing. For a young officer, it was just a hobby at first; but in 1849, on board the steam frigate Kamchatka, en route from Kronstadt to Madeira, there happened A.P. Bogolyubov’s fateful meeting with Duke Maximilian of Leuchtenberg, President of the Academy of Arts. The Duke praised Bogolyubov’s works and gave him a recommendation to become a professional artist. From that moment on, A.P. Bogolyubov definitely decided to take a new path for himself. He entered the Academy of Arts in 1850, and then, in 1853, left the service in the Navy. Impressed by the naval service, the artist made up his mind to choose subsequently marine painting. On September 24, 1853, the Council of the Imperial Academy of Arts decided to award a large gold medal to Bogolyubov, and that allowed him to do what he really loved. Based on the archival documents, the article describes the key events in the biography of A.P. Bogolyubov; those events made it possible for the artist to leave the naval service and devote himself to art.

The purpose of the study, carried out on the basis of numerous unpublished documents, is to present the various useful activities of Alexei Petrovich Bogolyubov, a painter and an Actual State Councilor in the Naval Ministry. A.P. Bogolyubov began his service as a midshipman on January 8, 1841, and worked actively in the Naval Ministry for about 55 years. More than 90 documents from various funds were found in the Russian Archives of the Navy, including the artist’s autographs. The recently discovered album of original drawings made by the artist in 1862 and 1864 is of greatest value.
Professor of marine painting, a member of the Council of the Imperial Academy of Arts, A.P. Bogolyubov trained talented apprentice artists who continued his work at the Naval Ministry and brought fame to Russia at numerous international art exhibitions. He performed important practical work (visual drawings of the shores, entrances to the ports and skerry-type channels) and for many decades made it safe for the sailors to navigate through the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Finland; he created the Art Museum named after Radishchev and the Art and Craft School in Saratov; by the order of the emperors Nicholas I, Alexander II, Alexander III, Bogolyubov painted about a hundred of marine battle scenes covering the history of the Russian Fleet from its origin under Peter the Great up to the visit of the Russian squadron to Cherbourg in 1896. New archival documents testify to all the glorious deeds of A.P. Bogolyubov.

This review is devoted to the analysis of a new textbook on the history of Russia in the 18^th century, published in 2021 at the Russian State Humanitarian University. under the authorship of the teachers of the Department of the history of Russia in the Middle Ages and Modern Times of the faculty of history of the IAI RSUH, professor I.V. Kurukin and associate professor E.A. Antonova. The review emphasizes the importance of this manual for the organization of the educational process at the RSUH, notes the fact that it reflects the latest achievements of Russian historical science in the study of the 18^th century. The appearance of this manual is especially necessary to provide students with the opportunity to independently study the disciplines of national history.
It is noted that facing the reduction of the academic hours in historical curriculum observed in recent years, the students are forced to solve many issues and problems related to the study of national history on their own. Thus, the issue of providing the educational process with high-quality and modern textbooks containing not only reference and informative material, but also the necessary tools for testing knowledge is acute. Educational publication of I.V. Kurukin and EA. Antonova thereby contributes to the intensification of learning – on the one hand, and on the other – to rising envolvement in the learning process itself.
The review provides a brief analysis of the scientific path of the authors of the manual – I.V. Kurukina and E.A. Antonova, their most important scientific monographs and publications of articles are mentioned. In addition, a detailed analysis of the structure and specifics of this manual is given; its numerous advantages and some shortcomings are indicated.