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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">documentation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">История и архивы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>History and Archives</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-6541</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2658-6541-2025-7-3-68-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">documentation-507</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВСЕОБЩАЯ ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генеалогия и история в римской Республике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genealogy and history during the Roman Republic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9832-1050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидорович</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorovich</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга В. Сидорович, доктор исторических наук</p><p>125047, Москва, Mиусская пл., д. 6, стр. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Sidorovich, Dr. of Sci. (History)</p><p>6-6, Miusskaya Sq., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varro52@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сидорович О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сидорович О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sidorovich O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://documentation.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/507">https://documentation.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/507</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследуются легендарные генеалогии римских аристократических родов, среди которых наиболее политически значимым в эпоху Республики был клан Фабиев. Одна из генеалогий возводит происхождение рода к Геркулесу и обеспечивает ему божественное происхождение, другая представляет Фабиев как товарищей Рема и связывает их с древнейшим празднеством Луперкалий и с основанием Рима. Поначалу обе родословные не имели точек соприкосновения и развивались независимо друг от друга, пока различные их детали не перестали восприниматься в сочинениях авторов поздней античности как части самостоятельных рассказов. Происхождение Фабиев от Геркулеса рассматривается в статье на фоне генеалогий других римских аристократических родов, которые вели свое происхождение от троянских и греческих героев и от богов. Известно, что в I в. до н. э. появляются литературно оформленные генеалогии представителей римского политического класса, однако начало этого процесса мы можем отнести к более раннему времени – рубежу IV–III вв. до н. э. Фабии имели своего историографа – Квинта Фабия Пиктора, который приложил немало усилий, чтобы представить деяния своих предков в наиболее благоприятном свете. Однако несправедливо делать его ответственным за воссоздание всей истории клана с древнейших времен. Для Фабиев создание легенды об их происхождении от Геркулеса началось в конце IV в. до н. э. и связано с деятельностью Квинта Фабия Руллиана. К этому же времени относится и рождение легенды о Фабиях как товарищах Рема, которая связала их с основанием Рима.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the legendary genealogies of the Roman aristocratic families. Among them the Fabii were the prominent clan in the political life of the Roman Republic. One of their genealogies goes back to Hercules and guarantees them a divine origin, the other presents them as the companions of Remus and connects the family with the most ancient festival of Lupercalia and the foundation of Rome. Both genealogies at first had nothing in common and developed irrespective of each other until their separate details stopped being interpreted as parts of independent tales in the works of Late Antiquity authors. The origin of the Fabii from Hercules is considered in the paper against the background of the other Roman families’ genealogies, which go back to the Trojan and Greek heroes and the Gods. It is well known that in the I century B.C. there came into being the literary genealogies of the families belonged to the Roman political class, but the starting point of that process goes back to the earlier period, namely, the end of the 4th –beginning of the 2rd century B.C. The Fabii had their own historian – Quintus Fabius Pictor, who made efforts in order to present his ancestors’ activities in the most favourable way. But it is unfair to make him responsible for the reconstruction of his family history from the ancient times. The composition of the legend about Hercules as the forefather of the Fabii was launched at the end of the IV century B.C. and was connected with the political activity of Quintus Fabius Rullianus. To that very time we can also refer the birth of the legend which connects the Fabii with Remus and with the Rome’s foundation tale.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>легендарные генеалогии</kwd><kwd>Фабии</kwd><kwd>Геркулес</kwd><kwd>Луперкалии</kwd><kwd>основание Рима</kwd><kwd>Ромул и Рем</kwd><kwd>Фабий Пиктор</kwd><kwd>Квинт Фабий Руллиан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>legendary genealogies</kwd><kwd>Fabii</kwd><kwd>Hercules</kwd><kwd>Lupercalia</kwd><kwd>foundation of Rome</kwd><kwd>Romulus and Remus</kwd><kwd>Fabius Pictor</kwd><kwd>Quintus Fabius Rullianus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бобровникова 1997 – Бобровникова Т.А. Сакрально-правовые и философские взгляды Квинта Энния // Древнее право. Ius antiquum. 1997. № 1 (2). С. 40–44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bobrovnikova, T.A. 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