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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">documentation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">История и архивы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>History and Archives</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658-6541</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2658-6541-2023-5-4-50-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">documentation-386</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВСЕОБЩАЯ ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фридрих II Прусский и Павел I в оценках немецких историков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Frederick II of Prussia and Paul I in the assessment of German historians</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129226, Москва, 2-й Сельскохозяйственный пр-д, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, 2-i Sel’skokhozyaistvennyi Passage, Moscow,  129226;</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.kostev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский городской педагогический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow City University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костев А.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костев А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kostev A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://documentation.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/386">https://documentation.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/386</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель статьи – в контексте немецкой историографии проанализировать образы прусского короля Фридриха II, получившего в истории титул «Великий», и русского императора Павла I как продолжателя традиций Фридриха II Прусского в России. Представленные материалы основаны на сравнительно-историческом, историко-системном и культурологическом методах. К анализу привлекаются оригинальные и переводные труды немецких историков от XVIII до XXI в. Понимание образа Фридриха II Прусского связывается с историческими общественными процессами в Германии разных эпох. Автор статьи приходит к выводу о том, что оценка личности Фридриха II Великого, как и его деятельность, постоянно подвергалась трансформациям. До сих пор король Пруссии является неоднозначной и противоречивой фигурой немецкой истории. Представление русского императора в немецкой исторической литературе касается, скорее, психологических аспектов его личности, метаморфоз, происходивших с императором – цесаревичем и правителем. Результаты проведенного анализа вносят определенный вклад в общую историографию Фридриха II Прусского и Павла I и могут быть использованы как в учебном, так и в исследовательском процессе</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the article is to analyze the image of the Prussian King Frederick II, who received the title «The Great» in history, and the Russian Emperor Paul I as a continuer of the traditions of Frederick II of Prussia in Russia in the context of German historiography. The presented materials are based on comparative – historical, historical – systemic and culturological methods. The analysis involves original and translated works of German historians from the 18th to the 21st century. The representation of the image of Frederick II of Prussia is associated with historical social processes in Germany of different eras. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the assessment of the personality of Frederick II the Great, as well as his activities, was constantly undergoing transformations. Until now, the King of Prussia is an ambiguous and controversial figure in German history. The representation of the Russian emperor in German historical literature concerns, rather, the psychological aspects of his personality, the metamorphoses that occurred with the emperor Tsarevich and with the ruler. The results of the analysis make a certain contribution to the general historiography of Frederick II of Prussia and Paul I and can be used both in the educational and research process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>Германия</kwd><kwd>Пруссия</kwd><kwd>Фридрих II</kwd><kwd>Павел I</kwd><kwd>историография</kwd><kwd>историческая личность</kwd><kwd>хронология</kwd><kwd>оценка</kwd><kwd>общество</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>Germany</kwd><kwd>Prussia</kwd><kwd>Frederick II</kwd><kwd>Paul I</kwd><kwd>historiography</kwd><kwd>historical figure</kwd><kwd>chronology</kwd><kwd>evaluation</kwd><kwd>society</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дельбрюк 1997 – Дельбрюк Г. История военного искусства в рамках политической истории. Т. 4: Новое время. 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